The Genetics of Prostate Cancer

A synopsis of an article on the genetics of prostate cancer from the National Cancer Institute is included below.

Key Points:

• Genetic Inheritance: Up to 60% of prostate cancer risk is inherited, involving both common genetic variants and rare, harmful mutations in specific genes.

• Risk Factors: These include age, family history, ancestry, and specific genetic factors.

• Risk Assessment: Prostate cancer risk is evaluated using an individual’s personal and family cancer history, ancestry, and age. Assessment helps guide screening recommendations.

• Genetic Testing: Testing is based on family history, genetic results, and tumor sequencing. Advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) have made multigene panel testing more accessible.

• Inherited Risk: Common genetic variants slightly increase risk, while rare mutations in high-risk genes can significantly raise it. Genetic testing helps in understanding individual risks and tailoring treatments.

• Genetics and Treatment: Genetic test results are playing an increasing role in guiding targeted therapy for prostate cancer.

National Cancer Institute. January 3, 2025.